Journal: Bioactive Materials

Article Title: Biomimetic multizonal scaffolds for the reconstruction of zonal articular cartilage in chondral and osteochondral defects

doi: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.10.001

Figure Lengend Snippet: Summary of studies on multizonal cartilage scaffolds, broadly categorised by variations in fibre orientation, composition or pore architecture, and cell types or growth factors.

Article Snippet: , Biomimetic arch-like 3D bioprinted construct , 3D bioprinting, directed printing, photo-crosslinking , Materials: Gelatine Methacryloyl (GelMA) and Silk Fibroin-Gelatine (SF-G) bioinks Arch-like structures: •Arch-like Structure: Mimicked collagen II arrangement in native cartilage, replicating its layered characteristics: superficial, middle, and deep zones. •Layered Design: Varying porosities and fibre orientations in each layer simulate cartilage's natural structure and function. •Biomimetic Approach: Imitating cartilage's microstructure and biochemistry created a natural environment for chondrocytes, enhancing proliferation and differentiation. , N/A , No information about pore size Mechanical properties: (no details about mechanical properties values): •The selection of bioinks (GelMA and SF-G) and the arch-like scaffold design, aimed to mimic the mechanical properties of native cartilage. •The arch-like architecture likely enhanced organised and anisotropic mechanical behaviour, resembling natural cartilage. , In vitro study Cells: Human bone marrow MSCs Time period of in vitro culture: 21 days Time frame for culture: 1, 7, and 21 days (gene expression analysis); 7 and 21 days (immunofluorescence, histological analysis) Findings: •SF-G constructs exhibited higher encapsulation efficiency and proliferation rates, along with a more uniform distribution of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) compared to GelMA constructs. •SF-G demonstrated superiority in forming a fibrous collagen network, promoting chondrogenesis, and facilitating the production of cartilage-specific extracellular matrix. •SF-G enabled the creation of 3D bioprinted arch-like structures for cartilage regeneration and regulation of the Wnt/β-catenin and TGF-β signaling pathways. , (Chakraborty et al., 2023) [ ] .

Techniques: In Vitro, In Vivo, Pore Size, Construct, Cell Attachment Assay, Control, Shear, Gene Expression, Polymer, Produced, Generated, Expressing, Selection, Immunofluorescence, Encapsulation, Protein-Protein interactions, Cell Culture, Incubation, Animal Model, Migration, Diffusion-based Assay, Cell Differentiation, In Silico, Activity Assay, Transplantation Assay, Lyophilization, Suspension, Injection, Marker, Functional Assay